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INTRODUCTION
============
The Tcl/Tk Reference Guide
The Tcl/Tk Reference Guide is a typeset quick reference guide to John
Ousterhout's Tcl script language and Tk toolkit. The guide style is
based on Johan Vromans' guide for Perl.
It contains a concise description of (almost) all Tcl/Tk statements,
variables and lots of other useful information. The Guide is based on
Tcl version 8.0 and Tk 8.0.
The purpose of the Reference Guide is to aid in the use of Tcl/Tk, to
look up the syntax of specific commands, statements and the meaning
of built-in variables. It is *NOT* a self-contained user guide -- basic
knowledge of the Tcl language is required. It is *NOT* complete --
some of the less used variants of Tcl and Tk constructs have been left
out.
The Reference Guide is designed and created by Johan Vromans using the
LaTex typesetting system. For best results, Tom Rockiki's dvips 5.47
should be used to generate the PostScript output. Your mileage may
vary when you use other output mechanisms.
*** IMPORTANT ***
The included file refbase.ps contains the basic guide in 52 pages
formated for A4 paper. This is almost definitely NOT what you want to
print. A special formatting tool, written in Perl, makes it possible
to reformat this PostScript output for reproduction in a number of
formats. If you cannot run this tool, you probably don't have perl
installed. To get it, try http://www.perl.com/perl/.
INSTALLATION
============
1. Unload the distribution
After unloading the distribution, you will have the following
files in a suitably named sub-directory:
README - this file
Makefile - makefile
parr.pl - reformat and rearrange tool
Layout - description of the format
refbase.tex - LaTeX source for the Reference Guide
reftcl.tex - LaTeX source for Tcl parts of guide
reftk.tex - LaTeX source for Tcl parts of guide
refbase.cls - LaTeX class for the Reference Guide
refbase.ps - pre-generated PostScript base
testbase.ps - alignment test page
Makefile.psutils - makefile to be used with psutils
PROBLEMS - known problems on certain printers
The lastest distribution can be found at
ftp://ftp.slac.stanford.edu/software/TkMail/
2. Create the PostScript base file ( *** IF NEEDED *** )
*** Normally you can skip this step since a pre-generated
PostScript file is included in the kit.
This step requires the LaTeX typesetting system, version 2e of
1994/12/01, and dvips version 5.47 or later. Earlier 2e versions
of LaTeX may work, but have not been verified.
- Use "make refbase-ps" (a dash, not a dot) to create a new
PostScript file from the LaTeX source. This file can be printed
normally.
NOTE: dvips must be instructed to use a4 format paper ('-t a4')
even if you intend to print on a different format!
3. Determine the paper format and alignment
As distributed, the Makefile is configured to generate output for
US Letter (8.5 x 11") paper format. Comment out the line "PAPER=-letter"
in the Makefile to select A4 (21 x 29.7 cm) format. Both
formats should be printable on industry-standard PostScript
printers.
Now "make testpage.ps" and print it. The test page contains a
scale. Find the center of the paper by folding it as illustrated
and determine the value on the scale where the center of the paper
intersects the scale. Add this value to the definition of HALIGN
in the Makefile (initially 0). It is important that you modify the
Makefile otherwise the test page will not be re-generated with the
modified values.
"make testpage.ps" once again and print it. Folding it should show
that the center of the paper is at scale value 0. If not, repeat
the process.
For example, if your print looks like:
:
100 : 0
|---+---+---+---+---+---+---+-:-+---+---|---+---+---+---+---+--
:
:<- center of paper
The value of HALIGN should be increased with 25.
You can adjust the vertical offset by modifying VALIGN although
this should rarely be necessary. Vertical alignment uses the same
units as the horizontal alignment, positive offsets move the image
down on the paper.
NOTE: Do not print from Ghostview or other PostScript viewing
tools since this can lead to mis-aligned prints.
NOTE: If you have Angus Duggan's psutils package installed you can
use Makefile.psutils instead. However, this is not
supported by me.
Angus' email address is <angus@harlequin.co.uk> .
4. Create the RefGuide from the PostScript base
The Reference Guide should be printed double-sided, stapled in the
middle, folded, and cut to size to have a 24-page 4.25 x 8"
booklet. See the "Layout" document for details.
You can use "make" to generate a new PostScript file for one of
the following printer classes"
- If your printer supports duplex printing, uncomment one of the
DUPLEX defines in the Makefile and use "make refguide.ps". Send
it to the printer while keeping your fingers crossed.
- Use "make 2pass" to create a set of odd and even pages for
double sided printing. First print "guide-odd.ps".
After printing "guide-odd.ps", re-insert the sheets of paper
into the printer tray with the correct sides up or down,
depending on your type of printer. Also be sure the paper edges
are at the correct rotation so that when you hold the paper at
landscape orientation and flip along the vertical axis, the
text is correct side up for both sides. Now think hard: which sheet
will get printed first? If that is the sheet that has the cover
page on it, use "guide-even2.ps". Otherwise, use
"guide-even1.ps". In summary, there are three degrees of
freedom to worry about: paper side, paper rotation, and paper
order.
"make" without arguments will default to refguide.ps.
NOTE: If you have Angus Duggan's psutils package installed you can
use Makefile.psutils instead. However, this is not
supported by me.
See also the file PROBLEMS.
Comments are welcome, send them to the author.
HISTORY
=======
The first version of the Reference Guide --"reference card" it was
called then-- appeared in 1989 with Perl version 2. It was created
using an Apple Macintosh and the RagTime DeskTop publishing tool. It
was 9 pages, if I remember well. The PostScript output was extracted
from the Mac and hacked for 'normal' use with the macps program.
With Perl version 3 came the next version. A 15-page card format, and
a 16-page reference guide. This time, the Guide was created using
MicroSoft Word, again on Macintosh. Tools were supplied to manipulate
the PostScript file to suit different printing formats. In a later
version, the card format was abandoned.
Next came the Camel version, with Perl version 4. Much effort was
spent to have the abundance of new functions fit on 16 pages.
After the book appeared, I decided to rework the Guide to use more
pages, and different styles and fonts for clarity. I reworked the
MS-Word version, to find out that the resultant PostScript file had
increased from 90Kb to 180Kb!
So I decided to start again, from scratch (well, almost) using the
LaTeX typesetting system. The resultant PostScript file is now 80Kb,
while it prints out almost identical to the 180Kb MS-Word version.
When Perl 5 came out, the Guide was reworked to include the plethora
of new features while still trying to be concise.
I also used a scan of the Camel to create a real cover page.
Tim O'Reilly (O'Reilly & Associates, Inc.) wrote me:
You can do this, as long as you say somewhere in your text,
"The camel as an image associated with perl is a trademark
of O'Reilly & Associates, Inc. and is used with permission."
Trademarks are funny. If you don't use due diligence to protect
them, you lose them. We've applied to treat all our cover animals
as trademarks, so they don't get abused by other publishers, and
we need to acknowledge them as such if they are used elsewhere.
Thanks Tim, for the permission.
Paul Raines then borrowed the style file and other support files
to create a Reference Guide for Tk/Tcl.
COPYRIGHT
=========
The Perl Reference Guide is copyrighted by the author. It may be
reproduced, printed and distributed freely for non-profit purposes, as
long as the original author gets the credits, and the copyright notice
is not removed from the text. It may not be turned into a commercial
product except with written permission of the author.
---------------------------- author info -----------------------------
Johan Vromans jvromans@squirrel.nl
Squirrel Consultancy Haarlem, the Netherlands
http://www.squirrel.nl http://www.xs4all.nl/~jvromans
----------------------------------------------------------------------
CREDITS
=======
I like to thank everyone who has helped me (and encouraged me) to get
the job done, and to get the results to you. Especially Tom
Christiansen and JGreely (for "parr") And Larry Wall, of course,
without whom I would have spent lots of time annoying myself.
CREDITS FOR TCL/TK REFERENCE GUIDE
==================================
The Tcl/Tk Reference Guide is copyrighted by the author. It may be
reproduced, printed and distributed freely, as long as the original
author gets the credits, and the copyright notice is not removed from
the text. It may not be turned into a commercial product except with
written permission of the author.
---------------------------- author info -----------------------------
Paul Raines
MS 95 Stanford Linear Accelerator Center
Stanford, California 94309-4349
tel. (415) 926 2369
email: <raines@slac.stanford.edu>
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks to Jeff Tranter for Tcl reference parts and of course
John Ousterhout for creating Tcl and Tk.
-- PostScript is a trademark of Adobe, I assume.